PARAPHRASE TO AVOID PLAGIARISM
PUB3722 PORTFOLIO SEMESTER 1 OF 2025
Question 1: Conceptual Understanding
1.1 Definition and Meaning of Intergovernmental Relations
Intergovernmental relations (IGR) refer to structured interactions and coordination between different levels of government—national, provincial, and local—to enable effective governance and service delivery. IGRs play a key role in addressing complex governance problems, sharing resources, and reconciling policies to meet the needs of citizens (De Villiers, 2021).